Perbandingan Rerata Kadar Neutrofil, Monosit, dan Limfosit, Pasca Operasi Bersih Pasien Pediatri; dengan atau tanpa Penggunaan Antibiotika Profilaksis

Abstract

Background: Insignificant administration of antibiotic leads to higher health cost and increase of antibiotic resistance. National prophylaxis antibiotic guideline on clean surgery amongs developed countries are varies meanwhile most developing countries still do not have any and adopt the established guidelines, not to mention there is not many spesific guidelines for pediatric procedure. This study analyzed the effect prophylaxis antibiotic administration on pediatric clean surgery based on post operative response of neutrophyl, monocyte, and lymphocyte, as: the parameters of cell-mediated inflammatory response on tissue injury or infection, and surgical site infection rate. Methods: A double blind randomized clinical trial was conducted from May 2013 to October 2013 at multi-hospital in Medan, Indonesia. Total sample is 28 subjects, distributed evenly into 2 groups (group 1 with antibiotic, and group 2 without antibiotic). Post operative blood sample was examined on 3rd day. Results: Both groups were comparable in patient demographic, clinical characteristic, and surgery procedure. Post operative rates of neutrophyl, monocyte, and lymphocyte are not statistically different between groups (P = 0.213, P = 0.053, dan P = 0.251 ). Pre and post operative rates of neutrophyl is statistically different (P = 0.016), while monocyte and lymphocyte are not statistically different between groups (P = 0.119, dan P = 0.486). Conclusion: Prophylaxis antibiotic administration on pediatric clean surgery is not neccessary.