Deteksi Rice Tungro Bacilliform Virus (RTBV) Penyebab Penyakit Tungro Pada Tanaman Padi (Oryza sativa L.) di Kabupaten Deli Serdang Sumatera Utara dengan Teknik PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction)

Abstract

Deli Serdang District is one of the centers of rice production in North Sumatra. One of the reasons for the decline in rice production is the presence of virus. Rice Tungro Bacilliform Virus (RTBV) is one of the virus that causes tungro disease. The detection of tungro disease in rice, morphologically, is less accurate due to the similarity of the symptoms. Therefore, this study was conducted to detect RTBV molecularly using the PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) technique. A total of 16 samples of rice plant leaves with virus symptoms were taken from 16 villages at Deli Serdang district. The genomic DNA was extracted from the samples by PCR using specific primers. The indications of infected rice leaf showed dwarf plants, yellowing leaves, few plant saplings, dark spots on leaf surfaces, rust spots, interveinal chlorosis also short midrib and leaf blades in all samples. The similarity analysis of the 16 samples based on the symptoms analyzed by the Unwight Pair Group Method with Arithmetic Average (UPGMA) showed 66% similarity as display in the dendogram. The PCR analysis by a pair of RTBV specific primers showed all samples were infected with RTBV virus which was characterized by the presence of RTBV virus DNA fragments at 430 bp in rice with virus symptoms.