Distribusi Tipe Human Papillomavirus (HPV) pada Kanker Serviks Invasif di RSUP H. Adam Malik Medan

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Cervical cancer is the most common cancer among women in developing countries, with high mortality rate. Meanwhile, the scope of cervical screening program in developing countries is still very low. HPV is the etiological factor that has been established by molecular studies. HPV vaccine is the primary prevention of cervical cancer. There are few reliable studies exist about the distribution of HPV type in cervical cancer, The objective of the present study was to perceive the distribution of HPV type in cervical cancer, as of to be used to evaluate the effectiveness of available HPV vaccine. METHODS: Cervical cancer patients at H. Adam Malik General Hospital Medan were included consecutively. Fifty patients were assessed for cervical liquid based cytology and HPV genotyping by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method. There were 30 samples of which HFV type can be detected. Data were analyzed by univariate analysis to determine the frequency. RESULTS: The common characteristics of study subjects were age of marriage > 20 years old (56,7%), had marriage for once (86,7%), parity > 3 (56,7%) and no history of the use of oral contraception (83,3%). HPV type 16 was the most common type (46,7%, followed by type 18 (33,3%). HPV type 16 was detected dominantly in squamous cell carcinoma (56,5%) and type 18 was detected dominantly in adenocarcinoma (86,7%). CONCLUSION: HPV type 16 was the most common type in this study and was detected dominantly in squamous cell carcinoma.