Perancangan dan Analisis Antena Mikrostrip Spiral Persegi Untuk Aplikasi Ground Penetrating Radar

Abstract

Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) is a device that works by sending and receiving reflected electromagnetic signals into the ground. The GPR system is designed to detect the presence of objects buried in the ground at a certain depth. Generally, GPR works at low frequencies to optimize the antenna range. However, the dimensions of the antenna become large dimensions. Therefore, this study designed a microstrip antenna with small dimensions without reducing the antenna radiation distance capability for GPR applications. The design was carried out using FR4 epoxy substrate with a thickness of 1.6 mm and a permittivity (er) of 4.4. The square spiral microstrip antenna is characterized by changes in substrate dimensions, feed length, and dimensions of the patch antenna. The optimal dipole antenna simulation results obtained a return loss of -30.64 dB and a Voltage Standing Wave Ratio (VSWR) of 1.061. The optimal design of the dipole microstrip antenna is then designed to be a square spiral antenna without reducing the length of the dipole arm. The measurement of the square spiral antenna using a vector network analyzer (VNA) obtained a return loss of -30.83 dB and a Voltage Standing Wave Ratio (VSWR) of 1.07. The square spiral microstrip antenna also can reduce the dimension of the dipole microstrip antenna by 59%.