Kajian Partisipasi Masyarakat dalam Pengelolaan Sampah di Perumnas Griya Martubung I Kelurahan Besar Kecamatan Medan Labuhan

Abstract

The adequately high number of population, different activities and consumption pattem of communiry members have brought big contribution to the increasing volume and kinds of waste (garbage). Therefore, a better waste management though waste reduction and waste handlings that involves community participation commencing from sorting the waste to taking the waste to the dump site is needed, This study was conducted at Perumnas Criya Martubung I, Kelurahan Besar, Medan Labuhan Subdistricr. The unoptrmal waste (garbage) management, the lack of waste (garbage) management facilities and infrastructures, and the number of sanitation workers that is not proportional to the volume of the waste (garbage) produced have made the environment of Perumnas Martubung I very dirty, the waste (garbage) arbitrarily thrown away by the community members piled up at the Temporary Garbage Disposal Site, and the sanitation service is not evenly distributed to the entire community members- The purpose of this study was to obtain the description about how the community members participated in the waste (garbage) management at Perumnas Griya Martubung I commencing from sorting the garbage, garbage placement, and garbage collection viewed based on the level of education, kind of occupation and level of community income and to identify the factors influencing the community participation in the waste (garbage) maragement at Perumnas Griya Martubung L The data for this study were obtained through documenlation study, observation, questionnaire distribution and interviews. The samples or respondents for this qualitative descriptive study were 97 persons selected through random sampling technique. The result of this study showed that the level of education and kind of occupa.tion did not have a significant influence on the community participation in the waste (garbage) management at Perumnas Griya Martubung I in which sorting, placing, collecting and piling up the waste (garbage) at the Temporary Garbage Disposal Site was done by the community members themselves, while the level of tncome had influence on the community participation in terms of piling up the waste (garbage) at the Temporary Garbage Disposal Site- The index of community participation in terms of piling up the waste (garbage) at the Temporary Garbage Disposal Site by the high-income community members themselves was less than that of the low-income community members did.

Jumlah penduduk yang cukup tinggi, aktivitas dan pola konsumsi masyarakat yang beragam memberikan kontribusi besar terhadap meningkatnya volume sampah dan jenis sampah. Unhrk itu perlu adarrya pengelolaan sampah yang baik melalui pengurangan sampah maupun penanganan sampah yang melibatkan pertisipasi masyarakat mulai dari pemilahan sampah hingga pembuangan akhir sampah. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Perumnas Griya Martubung I Kelurahan Besar Kecamatan Medan Labuhan. Pengelolaan sampah yang trdak opfimal, minimnya sarana dan prasarana pengelolaan sampah serta jumlah petugas kebersihan yang tidak sebanding dengan volume sampah yang dihasilkan mengakibatkan lingkungan di Perumnas Martubung I sangat kotor, sampah dibuang sembarangan dan menumpuk di tempat pembuangan sampah sementara (TPS) serta pelayanan kebersihan tidak merata hingga keseluruh warga. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah unfuk memperoleh gambaran tentang bagaimana partisipasi masyarakat dalam pengelolaan sampah di Perumnas Martubung I mulai dari pemilahan sampah, pewadahan sampah dan pengumpulan sampahnya ditirlau berdasarkan tingkat pendidrkan, jenis peke4aan serta tingkat pendapatan masyarakat serta mengidentifikasi faklor-faktor yang mempengaruhi partisipasi masyarakat dalam pengelolaaa sampah di Perumnas Martubung L Teknik pengambilan data meliputi wawancara, kuesioner, obsenasi dan dokumentasi. Metode penelitian menggunakan metode deskiptif kualitatif dengan jumlah sampel yang diambil secara acak sebanyak 97 responden. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tingkat pendidikan dan jenis peke{aan tidak berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap partisipasi masyarakat dalam pengelolaan sampah di Perumnas Martubung I mulai dari pemilahan sampah, pewadahan sampah, dan pengumpulan sampah yang dilakukan sendiri ke tempat pembuangan sampah sementara (TPS), sedangkan tingkat pendapaan berpengaruh terhadap partisipasi masyarakat dalam hal pengumpulan sampah yang dilakukan sendiri ke TPS dimana masyarakat yang berpenghasilan tinggl, persentase partisipasi masyarakat dalam pengumpulan sampah yaag dilakukan sendin ke TPS lebih kecil dibanding masyarakat yang berpenghasilan rendah.