Kesesuaian Hasil antara Pemeriksaan Uji Tusuk dan Uji Tempel Atopi Tungau Debu Rumah pada Penderita Dermatitis Atopik

Abstract

Background : Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronically relapsing inflammatory skin disease, associated with history of atopy. The increasing of exposure to pollutant and indoor allergen suspected as the cause of increasing AD frequency. Allergen which is mostly claimed as the trigger of AD is house dust mite which can be known with skin prick test and atopy patch test. Aim : To know the agreement between skin prick test and atopy patch test in patients with AD. Method : This is an analytic descriptive study with cross sectional design was done in June 2008 until May 2009. Subjects of study are AD patients > 14 years old who fulfilled the inclusion criteria. The amount of samples is 28 persons. Initially skin prick test is done, after reading the result of skin prick test finished then atopy patch test is done. Skin prick test is performed on the volar aspect of the forearm using allergen of extract solution Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus 3%, Dermatophagoides farinae 100 IR/ml, histamine solution 1 mg/ml as positive control, and buffer phosphate solution as negative control. The result is read after 15 minutes. The positiveness degree is determined according to Aas and Belin. Atopy patch test using allergen of extract Dermatophagoides mix 30% in petrolatum which is put in van der Bend square chamber and applied on the back. The result is read after 48 hours and 72 hours. The positiveness degree is determined according to the criteria of the European Task Force on Atopic Dermatitis (ETFAD). The data then learned and analyzed. Result : Subjects of study which consist of 28 patients with AD aged > 14 years old that fulfilled the inclusion criteria. The most of patients with AD (28,6%) is in group of age 31-38 years old with average 32,3 years old. Skin prick test positive to D. pteronyssinus and D. farinae is 22 persons each (78,6%) with various degree of positiveness. The result of atopy patch test positive after 48 hours is 13 persons (46,4%) and after 72 hours there are 17 persons with positive result (60, 7%). The sensitivity of atopy patch test was 59%, the specificity was 33%, the positive predictive value was 76%, the negative predictive value was 18%, the positive likelihood ratio 0,89, the negative likelihood ratio 1,23, and the kappa value was -0,058. Conclusion : There is no agreement between skin prick test and atopy patch test in patients with AD.