Estimasi Jarak Genetik dan Faktor Perubah Pembeda Bangsa Babi (Berkshire, Duroe, Landrace dan Yorkshire) melalui Analisis Morfometrik

Abstract

NETRO BANJARNAHOR, 2014 Genetic Distance Estimation and Variable Differential Factor of pig breeds (Berkshire, Duroc, Landrace and Yorkshire) through Morphometrics analysis Under supervisied by USMAN BUDI and HAMDAN

Genetic distances provide little opportunity to obtain heterosis in crosses. Therefore the genetic distance be a guide in conducting cross. Research on conducted to identify factors differentiating variables and estimate the genetic distance between the pig breeds (Berkshire, Duroc, Landrace and Yorkshire). This research was conducted in the Superior Livestock Breeding Center, Siborongborong using 17 Berkshire pigs, 22 Duroc pigs, 46 Landrace pigs and 25 Yorkshire pigs. Data collection was done by measuring the observed variables are shoulder height, hip height, hip width, body length, chest girth, inchest, tail length, neck circumference, head length, head width, ear length and ear width. The data obtained were processed using a simple discriminant analysis using the SAS program (Statistical Analysis System) and Dendogram using the program MEGA (Molecular Evolutionary Genetic Analysis).

The results of the analysis show that the phenotypically mixture Yorkshire pigs have in common breeds Duroc pigs (20%). Phenotypically purity of each breeds is a breeds of Berkshire pigs (88.24%), Duroc pigs (86,36%), Landrace pigs (89.13%) and Yorkshire pigs (68.00% ). The results of the canonical analysis showed variable distinguishing factor body morphology is ear width, ear length head width, head length and tail length Mahalanobis genetic distance showed breeds Berkshire breeds Yorkshire has a close genetic distance, while the breeds Duroc with breeds Landrace has a genetic distance away.