Preparasi dan Karakterisasi Kain Selfcleaning dan Antibakteri Menggunakan Nanokomposit Abu Boiler Kelapa Sawit, Titanium Dioksida serta Kitosan sebagai Pelapis

Abstract

Textiles have an important role in the health sector. Recently, textiles have received special attention in the midst of the Covid-19 pandemic that began in 2019. Medical personnel are concerned about the potential for contamination from viruses or bacteria on the clothes they use in hospitals.This research aims to (1) analyze the optimal method for synthesizing Oil Palm Boiler Ash (OPBA), Titanium Dioxide (TiO2), and chitosan nanoparticles; (2) analyze and develop nanocomposites as coatings on fabrics; and (3) analyze the antibacterial self-cleaning performance of fabrics coated with nanocomposites. The Ball mill and coprecipitation methods are used to synthesize OPBA nanoparticles while the sol-gel used to synthesize TiO2 and prepare the nanocomposite, which was used to coat fabrics using the dip-coating method. The results show that the optimum method for synthesizing OPBA is the coprecipitation method, which produced a crystal size of 15 nm with a SiO2 content of 48.5%, the TiO2 obtained is a rutile phase with a crystal size of 70.25 nm, and chitosan has an orthorhombic crystal system with a size of 4.15 nm. The nanocomposites coatings showed significant results, this is observed from the morphology of the fabric before coating that shows the typical parallel grooves of textile fabric. However, the coated textile surface seems rougher, indicating the presence of nanocomposites. Coffee stains dripped on the protected fabric fades within 4 hours. Based on the contact angle test, the surface of the coated fabric is hydrophilic. For the purpose of materials with self-cleaning properties surface coatings are efficient in self-cleaning. Meanwhile, the antibacterial test showed that there were no bacterial colonies on the coated fabric.