Analisis Dampak Integrasi Tanaman dan Ternak Sapi Terhadap Pengembangan Wilayah di Kecamatan Harian Kabupaten Samosir

Abstract

The primary aim of this study was to analyze the impact of crop and cattle to the regional development in Harian Subdistrict, Samosir District in terms of productivity, income and welfare of farmers, and the need for space. The data used in this descriptive analytical with t-test were the primary data obtained through distributing questionnaires to 104 respondents and direct interviews with the farmers and the secondary data obtained from Samosir District Central Bureau of Statistics, Samosir District Planning and Development Board, and Samosir District Livestock, Fishery and Agriculture Service. The result of this study showed that crop and cattle integration had a significant and positive impact to the crop productivity, income and welfare of farmers, and regional development in Harian Subdistrict, Samosir District. The potato productivity of the farmers belong to the integration program was higher than that of the farmers who do not belong to the integration program with the difference of 0.99 tons per hectare. The income of the farmers belong to the integration program was higher than that of the farmers who do not belong to the integration program with the difference of Rp. 11,562,968 per hectare. In terms of welfare of the farmers seen from value added/exchange rate, the value added/exchange rate of the farmers belong to the integration program was higher than that of the farmers who do not belong to the integration program with the difference of 6.08. The crop and cattle integration increased the need for the space/grazing land for the cattle in Harian Subdistrict.

Tujuan utama penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis dampak integrasi tanaman dan ternak terhadap pengembangan wilayah di Kecamatan Harian Kabupaten Samosir, dilihat dari produktivitas, pendapatan petani, kesejahteraan petani dan kebutuhan ruang. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah analisis uji beda rata-rata (t-test) dan analisis deskriptif. Data yang digunakan adalah data primer dengan menyebarkan kuesioner kepada 104 orang responden dan wawancara langsung dengan petani serta data sekunder dari BPS dan Bappeda Kabupaten Samosir, serta Dinas Pertanian, Perikanan dan Peternakan Kabupaten Samosir. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa integrasi tanaman dan ternak sapi berdampak positif signifikan terhadap produktivitas tanaman, pendapatan petani, kesejahteraan petani dan pengembangan wilayah di Kecamatan Harian. Produktivitas tanaman kentang petani peserta integrasi lebih tinggi dari produktivitas tanaman petani bukan peserta dengan perbedaan 0,99 ton per Ha. Pendapatan petani peserta integrasi lebih tinggi dari pendapatan petani bukan peserta dengan perbedaan pendapatan Rp. 11.562.968 per Ha. Demikian juga kesejahteraan petani yang dilihat dari nilai tukar petani, bahwa nilai tukar petani peserta integrasi lebih tinggi dari nilai tukar petani bukan peserta dengan perbedaan sebesar 6,08. Integrasi tanaman dan ternak sapi meningkatkan kebutuhan ruang untuk penggembalaan di Kecamatan Harian.