Sintesis 3-Lauroil-1-Propanol Melalui Esterifikasi Selektif Terhadap Turunan Gliserol dengan Menggunakan Katalis Perpindahan Dua Fasa Trietil Amin Hidroklorida

Abstract

Shyntesis of surfactants 3-lauroyl-1-propanol has been done using glycerol as starting material through several steps of reactions dehydration, hydrochlorination, reduction, and finally esterification. Glycerol dehydration was achieved using the mixture of KHSO4 and K2SO4 to yield from propenal followed by hydrochlorination with HCI in ethanol to produce 3-chloropropanal with 21 % of yield based on the glycerol used. 3-Chloropropanal was then reduced with NaBH4 in ethanol to produce 3-chloro-1-propanol with 65% yield. The ester of 3-lauroyl-1- propanol was prepared though reaction of 3-chloro-1-propanol and sodium laurat using phase reaction of transfer, catalyst TEA-HCI in CH2Cl2 . Solvent at 68°C for 8 hours with produce 75% of yield 3-lauroyl-1- propanol has HLB value of 4,50 so it was expected to be used as emulsifier agent in w/o system. The product of reaction during the shyntesis was confirmed by FT - IR spectroscopy, 1 H - NMR and GC - MS.