Dampak Konseling Farmasis terhadap Hasil Klinis Penatalaksanaan Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2 pada Pasien Rawat Jalan RSUD Cut Meutia Aceh Utara

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus type 2 is a chronic disease which does directly not cause death although it is potentially deadly if it is not handled correctly. The management of DM (diabetes mellitus) needs handling medicinal and non medicinal therapy, also cooperation with health professionals which includes medical care, pharmaceutical care, and nursing care. The role of pharmacist besides give medicine, also services counseling drug information, adverse of drug and contraindication control, including evaluation and initiation of new drug in order to optimize the outcome of patients' treatment. Due to their expert pharmacological knowledge, pharmacist are important positioned to determine adherence to treatment regimens. The aim of this research was to know the impact of counseling which had been done by pharmacist on HbA1c level, BMI (body mass index), random blood glucose level, and BP (blood pressure) of patients with type 2 DM. This research was conducted within three months, invoiving 24 patients with type 2 DM. The patients were divided into two groups: counseling group and non-counseling ( control) group. Both groups had DM patients who used oral hypoglycemia agent or OHA were 8 person and patients who used insulin were 4 person. Medical examination includes examining HbA1c level with HPLC technique, measuring body weight and height, examining blood glucose level by using digital Nesco Test and blood pressure by using sphygmomanometer Hg and stethoscope. The statistical test for HbA1c level in counseling group was P = 0.054, and control group was P = 0.751, which meant that HbA1c level in both of groups decreased not signicantly. The statistical test for both of groups was P = 0.078, which meant that both of groups did not significantly decreased, but in counseling group, the decrease of HbA1c level was bigger than control group. The statistical test for BMI value in counseling group was P = 0.441, and control group was P = 0.289, which meant than BMI value in both of groups did not increase significantly. The statistical test for both of groups of DM patients was P = 0.810 which meant that BMI value did not increase significantly, but in the counseling patients group using insulin, the increase of BM! reached the criteria of the expected DM control (18.5- < 23 kg/m2 ). The statistical test for both of groups at random blood glucose level was P1 = 0.143, P2 = 0.319, and P3 = 0.347. The result of statistical test showed that random blood glucose level for both of groups of DM patients did not significantly decreased. The decrease of systolic BP which occurred in the counseling patients group of OHA users was 120.00 ± 20.00 mmHg and diastolic BP was 76.25 ± 11.88 mmHg. The increase of systolic BP was 133. 75 ± 28. 75 mmHg (OHA users) and 142.50 ± 12.58 mmHg (insulin users), and also the increase of diastolic BP was 82.50 ± 11.65 mmHg (OHA users) and 85.00 ± 10.00 mmHg (insulin users). In the control group, the decrease of systolic BP was 125.00 ± 16.04 mmHg (OHA users) and 125.00 ± 5.77 mmHg (insulin users), and the decrease of diastolic BP was 80.00 ± 10.69 mmHg (OHA users) and 80.00 ± 8.16 mmHg (insulin users).