Pertumbuhan Eksplan Tunas Apikal Kelapa Sawit (Elaeisguineensis Jacq.) pada Media MS dengan Kombinasi BAP dan 2,4-D

Abstract

The research about oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) apical bud in the MS medium by using combination 2,4-D and BAP has been performed in Tissue Culture Laboratory, Departemen of Biology, University of Sumatera Utara.The aim of this research was to determine the effect of concentration of Benzyl Amino Purin (BAP) and 2,4- dichlorophenoxy acetic acid on the growth of the apical bud oil palm in vitro culture. Completely Randomized Design Method (RAL) with 2 factors namely 2,4-D with fourlevels 0; 110; 120; and 130 ppm, and BAP with four levels 0; 0,17; 0,23; and 0,29 ppm. The research uses five variables, those are time of callus oil palm, the percentage of callus, callus fresh weight and the percentage of embriogenic callus. The results of the statistical analysis showed that callus was initiated MS media enriched at 130 ppm and 0,29 ppm BAP. The percentage of explants forming callus as much as 75%. The highest fresh weight at 130 ppm 2-4- D and 0,29 ppm BAP . Calli were formed yellow white colour and white brown. Treatments have been carried out obtaining 50% embryogenic callus.