Pemanfaatan Limbah Cangkang Kopi sebagai Briket Bioarang di Kabupaten Aceh Tengah

Abstract

The decrease in fossil fuel reserve will have the impact on the economic condition. Nowadays, fossil fuel is commonly used to meet the need of energy. Biomass is biological substance which is usually regarded as disposal, and, therefore, it should be destroyed by burning it up. Actually, biomass can be processed to become bio-charcoal briquette to be used as fuel which has high heat value and can be used beneficially. This research was aimed to analyze the making of charcoal briquette from coffee waste. The process of making it began from the pyrolysis of coffee-shell waste in metal kiln until the process of charcoal brazier. The outcome of the pyrolisis is blended with adhesive percentage of 15%, 25%, and 35% with pressure power of 150 kg/m3 , 200 kg/m3 , and 250 kg/m3 . The blend of the adhesive was made of tapioca flour/starch before it was mixed with water, and then it was heat up until it became paste with the ratio of I: I 0. Then, it was pressed, using a pressing device until it became briquette. After that, the briquette was tested physically and chemically, such as its water content, its ash content, its evaporating substance content, its specific gravity, and its heat value. The result of the research showed that briquette with the composition of 15% of adhesive variation with the pressing power of 150 kg/m3 generally yielded better briquette than the others. Whereas in the optimum condition, the yielded briquette would be: 5.25% of water content, 11.67% of ash content, 30.07% of volatile matter, 0.82% of specific gravity, and 7.194 heat/g of heat value. The use of coffee-shell waste to become briquette could decrease coffee-shell waste in Aceh Tengah District around 1.4 ton/day from the amount of coffee production of 22,575.41 tons/year.