| dc.description.abstract | Bioplastic is plastic that can be used as conventional plastic, yet it could be
decomposed by microorganism to produce the end product water and
carbondioxide after being used and thrown to environment. Researches on
biodegradable starch-based bioplastics have been made to reduce the consumption
of conventional plastics, improve the fertility of soil, and reduce treatment cost of
waste. The aim of this study is to find out characteristics of avocado seed starch
and find out the effect of chitosan and plasticizer sorbitol on the physico-chemical
properties of bioplastics from avocado seed starch. Starch which is the raw
material for bioplastics was extracted from the avocado seed with water. Analysis
of starch produced which includes analysis of starch content, amylose content,
content of amylopectin, moisture content, ash content, fat content and protein
content, the analysis of FT-IR (Fourier Transform Infra - Red), SEM (Scanning
Electron Microscopy) and RVA (Rapid Visco Analyzer). Manufacture of
bioplastics refers to methods Weiping Band, which performed chemically
modified starch with the addition of plasticizers sorbitol and fillers chitosan. The
composition of avocado seed starch - chitosan used was 7: 3, 8: 2 and 9: 1 (w/w),
while the volume of sorbitol used was 0,2 ml/g, 0,3 ml/g, and 0,4 ml/g. The
heating temperature of bioplastic solution was varied at 80 oC, 85 oC, and 90 oC.
Bioplastics were analyzed physical and chemical properties, which include the
analysis of FT-IR, SEM, tensile strength, elongation at break, water absorption
and density. From the results of FT-IR analysis indicated an increase in wave
numbers OH which wave numbers OH on avocado seed starch is 3317,56 cm-1
and on bioplastic with adding chitosan and sorbitol increases to 3533,59 cm-1
and
NH groups on bioplastics due to the addition of chitosan is found on wave number
1593,20 cm-1
is bigger than bioplastic without adding chitosan with the wave
number 1585,49 cm-1
. From results of SEM analysis indicated that avocado seed
starch shape is oval with size 5,9 μm and also indicated that the structure of
fracture bioplastic with filler chitosan and plasticizer sorbitol was denser and
more compact than bioplastics without filler chitosan and plasticizer sorbitol.
From the analysis of starch produced starch content 67,6950%, amylose content
32,4739%, amylopectin content 35,3212%, moisture content 1,087%, ash content
1,007%, fat content 1,86%, and protein content 10,44%, gelatinization
temperature occurs at 85,17 oC with peak viscosity 3847 cP and the best
conditions of bioplastics is on starch-chitosan ratio of 7: 3 by 0,2 ml/g volume of
sorbitol and heating temperature of solution bioplastics at 85°C, where the value
of tensile strength bioplastic is 8,826 MPa, value of extension at break 3,59%,
value of Modulus Young 245,85 MPa, value of water absorption 29,41%, and the
value of density 2,632 g/ml. | en_US |
