Rancangan Unit Pembuatan Bioetanol dengan Bahan Baku Kulit Durian

Abstract

Equipments used in bioethanol production unit depends on the selection of raw material, process and plant size. In this research, the bioethanol production unit used durian peel as raw material was designed with capacity process of 100 liters. The designed equipments were pre-treatment equipments, fermenter and distillation unit where the pre-treatment equipments were consisted of cooking tank, crusher and pressured tank. Cooking tank was made of carbon steel SA-285 Grade C with 45,10 cm of diameter and 90,21 cm of height. Crusher was used to smooth durian peel and required power of 3,061 hp. Pressured tank was made of carbon steel SA-283 grade C with 45,10 cm of diameter and 90,21 cm of height. Fermenter tank was designed with 43 cm of diameter and 86 cm of height which was equipped with two manual paddle impeller of 30 cm in diameter. Distillation tank was made of stainless steel with 48 cm of diameter and 54 cm of height, which was equipped with heater to heat the liquid of fermentation process and cooling tank to cool vaporised bioethanol. The time required for one cycle of fermentation with batch process was 7 days and 7 hours. While the time required for one cycle of bioethanol production with batch process was 8 days and 4 hours. The feasibility of bioethanol production unit in which consisted of fermenter tank and distillation tank under condition process of 7 days and yeast concentration of 6% and distillation temperature of 80o C was tested. The results obtained were 8,98% of bioethanol concentration during fermentation and 74,96% of bioethanol concentration during distillation.