Pembuatan Karbon Aktif dari Kulit Salak (Salacca Edulis) dengan Impregnasi Asam Fosfat (H3PO4)

Abstract

The purpose of this research is to study condition optimum of preparation activated carbon snake fruit peel by impregnation phosphoric acid. Observed variable were yield activated carbon, iodine number and surface area. Raw materials used include snake fruit peel from South Tapanuli, phosphoric acid (H3PO4), sodium thiosulfate, iodine, methylene blue, and starch. The variables research is yield activated carbon, iodine, and surface area.In this research, snake fruit peel dried crushed into 1-2 mm in size. Then snake fruit peel soaked with phosphoric acid at a concentration of 10%, 15%, and 20% for 3 hours at a temperature of 85 ºC. After it was filtered and dried for 24 hours at 60 ° C in an oven. After that pyrolisis using temperatures of 400-600 °C for 1, 2, and 3 hours. Then cooled in a desiccator for 30 minutes and washed to pH 6-7. Activated carbon was dried in an oven until constant mass. The results showed the highest yield is at a temperature of 400 ° C for 1 hour with a concentration of 20% in the amount of 88.29%, while the lowest yield at 600 for 3 hours at a concentration of 10% in the amount of 41.76%. The highest iodine is at a temperature of 600 ° C at a concentration of 20% with a time of 3 hours pyrolysis is 888.30 mg / g, while the area of highest surface temperature is at a temperature of 450 at a concentration of 15% for 2 hours ie 6140.065 m2 /g.