Pengaruh Suhu Pirolisis dan Jumlah Katalis Silika Gel terhadap Yield dan Kualitas Bahan Bakar Cair dari Limbah Plastik Jenis Polipropilena

Abstract

Several major issues that arise in some countries as a result of increasing population is increase in the volume of waste and energy consumption. Reduction of plastic waste in landfills and incineration are still leaving the other side effects such as pollutants. Non-renewable energy sources supply has also been low to meet energy needs. The process of pyrolysis or cracking plastic waste can be a solution to this problem. This study aims to observe the effect of temperature catalytic pyrolysis process and the amount of silica gel to yield and quality of liquid fuels produced from Polypropylene (PP) Used Plastic Packaging Glass. Temperatures varied process that starts from a temperature of 200 ° C, 250 ° C, 300 ° C and 350 ° C. Ratio of raw materials and the amount of catalyst was varied from 10: 0 (without catalyst), 10: 1, 10: 1.5; 10: 2, 10: 2.5 and 10: 3. Pyrolysis carried out for 2 hours. Pyrolysis apparatus consists of a pyrolysis reactor, burner, and a condenser. The analysis carried out by an analysis of density/specific gravity/API gravity, kinematic viscosity, characterization of GC-MS and FTIR, and heating value. Raise the temperature of the process can increase the yield of liquid fuels, but the very high temperatures can reduce the yield of liquid fuels. The addition of the silica gel catalyst can also increase the yield of liquid fuels, but in large amounts will decrease the yield of liquid fuel. The addition of silica gel catalysts produce fuel fraction C8 - C21 more than without using silica gel catalyst. The highest yield obtained at pyrolysis temperature of 350 ° C without a silica gel catalyst that is 71.064%. But the best fuel quality obtained at pyrolysis temperature of 300 ° C with a ratio of the amount of raw materials and silica gel catalyst 10: 3.