| dc.description.abstract | Bioplastics are plastics that will decompose in nature with the help of
microorganisms. The use of starch as a main ingredient manufacture of plastics has
great potential because in Indonesia there are a variety starch crops. Jackfruit seeds
can be used as raw material for starch bioplastics. The aim of this study to determine
the characteristics of jackfruit seeds and determine the effect of chitosan and
ethylene glycol on the physicochemical properties of bioplastics from waste jackfruit
seeds. Starch is extracted from jackfruit seeds were then characterized to determine
its chemical composition. Also conducted analysis of FT-IR (Fourier Transform Infra
Red), SEM (Scanning Electron Microscope) and RVA (Rapid Visco Analyzer) on
starch jackfruit seeds. To obtain a starch bioplastics added with ethylene glycol
plasticizer and filler chitosan. In the manufacture of bioplastics starch composition
jackfruit seeds - chitosan used was 7: 3, 8: 2 and 9: 1 (w / w), while the concentration
of ethylene glycol used was 20%, 25%, 30%, 35%, and 40% dry weight of the
material. Bioplastics were analyzed physical and chemical properties, namely
density, tensile strength, elongation at break, Young's modulus, water absorption,
FT-IR, SEM, and RVA. Characterization of FT-IR spectra of the jackfruit seed starch
obtained O-H groups; C = O; C-O; N-H and C-H, the spectrum obtained chitosan
group C-H; C-N; O-H; C = O and C-O, jackfruit seed starch bioplastics spectrum
without chitosan obtained O-H groups; C-H; C = O and C-O, starch bioplastics
spectrum jackfruit seeds with chitosan derived O-H groups; C-H; C = O; C-O and N H3. The results of mechanical tests is further supported by analysis of scanning
electron microscopy (SEM) showing jackfruit seed starch has a small granule size
with the size of 6.5 μm and in bioplastics with filler and plasticizer ethylene glycol
chitosan their surfaces smooth and soft and little voids compared bioplastics without
fillers and plasticizers ethylene glycol chitosan. From the analysis of jackfruit seed
starch obtained water content of 6.04%, ash content of 1.08%, the starch content of
70.22%, 16.39% amylose content, amylopectin content of 53.83%, 4.68% protein
content, fat content 0.54%, gelatinization temperature of 88.82 ° C with a peak of
3276.5 cP viscosity and the best conditions of starch bioplastics jackfruit seeds
obtained at a ratio of starch: chitosan (w / w) = 8: 2 and the concentration of ethylene
glycol plasticizer 35% with a density value of 1.058 g / cm3, 28.271 MPa tensile
strength, elongation at break 1,999%, 43.581 MPa Young's modulus and water
absorption 48.91%. | en_US |
