Pemurnian Gliserol dengan Metode Asidifikasi Asam Klorida dan Ekstraksi dengan Pelarut Kloroform

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to purify glycerol with acidification method using chloride acid, extraction using chloroform and adsorption using activated carbon. This research was done in the Chemical Process IndustryLaboratorium, Chemical Engineering, University of North Sumatra, Medan. This research was begun with the pretreatment of glycerol using chloride acid with the variable of test mole ratio (n/n) acid added 1:1 ; 1;3 ; 1:5, continued with extraction by the solvent chloroform using the variable of test volume ratio (v/v) solvent 1: 1, 1: 1.5, 1: 2 and the extraction time 20, 40, and 60 minutes. The raw material is used, the crude glycerol was the byproduct of biodiesel plants with 74.7161% content and after the purification process of glycerol to produce the highest content of 90.9082% . After acidification and extraction stages, the purification process was followed by adsorption using activated carbon. The raw materials and the results of glycerol purify process was analyzed the density, moisture content, ash content, glycerol content and also composition analysis using Gas Chromatography. The purest resultwas obtained is at mole ratio (n/n) acidification of 1: 1, the ratio of the volume (v/v) solvent 1: 1.5 and 20 minutes extraction with the glycerol content of 90.9082%, density of 1,271gr / ml, water content 0,2183%, ash content of 8% and MONG (Matter Organic non Glycerol) 1.1357%.