Gambaran Efek Samping Kemoterapi pada Pasien Kanker Prostat, Kanker Kandung Kemih, dan Kanker Testis di Rsup Haji Adam Malik Tahun 2020-2022

Abstract

Background. Chemotherapy is an alternative anticancer therapies. In general, side effects that will occur are hair loss, decreased appetite, weight loss, headache, fatigue, mouth ulcer, diarrhea, nausea and vomiting, constipation, nosebleed, skin rash, painful urination, muscle pain, and heartburn. Objective. To determine the most and least chemotherapy side effects in patients with prostate cancer, bladder cancer, and testicular cancer. Method. The method used is descriptive quantitative with total sampling technique. The study population was patients with prostate cancer, bladder cancer, and testicular cancer at Haji Adam Malik General Hospital Medan in 2020-2022, with a total of 38 people. Results. From the calculation of the frequency distribution, the sequence of side effects of prostate cancer chemotherapy was hair loss (94.1%), fatigue (88.2%), decreased appetite (76.5%), nausea and vomiting (70,6%), constipation (58.8%), muscle pain (47.1%), diarrhea (47.1%), weight loss (41.2%), skin rash (35.5%), painful urination (35.3%), headache (23.5%) %), mouth ulcer (23.5%), and heartburn (17.6%). Bladder cancer namely, fatigue (100%), decreased appetite (90.9%), nausea and vomiting (90.9%), muscle pain (63.6%), weight loss (63.6%), painful urination (54.5%), hair loss (45.4%), headache (45.4%), diarrhea (45.4%), constipation (45.4%), heartburn (36.4%), mouth ulcer (18.2%), and skin rash (18.2%). Testicular cancer namely, hair loss, decreased appetite, nausea and vomiting (100%), muscle pain (80%), weight loss (70%), fatigue (70%), heartburn (60%), mouth ulcer (50%), constipation (50%), headache (40%), skin rash (40%), painful urination (40%), and diarrhea (30%). Conclusion. Most to the least chemotherapy side effects is studied in patients with prostate cancer, bladder cancer, and testicular cancer.