Islam dan Kekuasaan (Konsep Kekuasaan dalam Pemikiran Politik Al-Ghazali)

Abstract

This study focuses on studies that explore al-Ghazali's political thoughts about the concept of good power and in accordance with Islamic law.The hope is that it can be a reference for how the concept of ethics in politics is actually proposed by al-Ghazali ., so that it becomes a guide in managing the state in today's modern era. Imam Al-Ghazali is a scholar who is an expert in various fields. He is a productive thinker in his work and has a very broad perspective. He mastered various disciplines such as Philosophy, Kalam Science, Fiqh, Usul Fiqh, morality, Sufism and others. Al-Ghazali's most important political thoughts are contained in one of the sciences entitled Al-Tibr al-Masbuk fi Nashihat al-Muluk. This work is a collection of his writings/letters addressed and presented to Sultan Muhammad Ibn Malik of the Seljuq dynasty. KitabAl-Tibr al-Masbuk fi Nashihat al-Muluk contains advice for rulers. According to al-Ghazali, the Sultan and his political apparatus must adapt to political etiquette. Through several experiences such as IhyaUlumuddin, Al-Tibr al-Masbuk fi Nashihat al-Mulk, andFadaihBatiniyyah, it can be captured that al- Ghazali is a scientist who applies integrality, so that as a political field he also applies integrality between ulama-umara, and religion. -political. This antidichotomous way of thinking is interesting to be relevant to the developing world of politics today. Al-Ghazali's Political Thought has its own characteristics compared to other thinkers, where al-Ghazali is about the work profession. According to al- Ghazali, for the procurement of the necessities of human life, it is necessary to divide the tasks between members of the community, and the number of needs from it is a core industry or profession for the establishment of a state, namely: Agriculture, housing construction, spinning of clothing, and politics. Of the four industries, politics is the most important and noblest profession. In al-Ghazali's thought, religion and politics (power), the world and the hereafter are closely related v that cannot be separated. According to him, religion is the basis and political power is its guardian