Tanggap Darurat Erupsi Gunung Sinabung di Kabupaten Karo Tahun 2014 (Studi Kasus: Penyelenggaraan Sanitasi Darurat di Pengungsian)

Abstract

Indonesia is a country with the largest number of active volcanoes in the world that it is very vulnerable to volcanic eruption. Mount Sinabung is one of the active volcanoes in Karo District, Province of Sumatera Utara that has been experiencing a disaster of eruption since September 2013 with the status of "CAUTION" level IV. The insident of this disaster resulted in casualties and refuge. The existing of refugees will result in health problems, one of them is the environmental health problem that can bring about an extraordinary incident of diarrhea, inspection of upper respiratory tract, skin disease, and measles. Therefore, the effort of emergency sanitation in refugee camps is absolutely needed. This descriptive qualitative study with phenomenological design on sanitation was conducted during the emergy response on the eruption of Mount Sinabung in Karo District in 2014. The result of this study by using input, process, and output method showed that the implementation of emergency sanitation was not achieved because of its output in the form of the incident of high morbidity rate and measles. Sanitarians, the input factor caused it, were not competent yet, the standard set by the policy was not achieved, the facility and infrastructure of sanitation was inadequate, the fund for the disaster was not included in the Regional Budget (APBD). Sanitation process related to 3 Ps namely Planning (P1), Movement of Implementation (P2), and Supervision, Control and Assessment (P3) was less than optimal. The management of Karo District Health Service is suggested to provide the sanitation workers with trainings, 'making the SOP of disaster, and doing Rapid Health Assessment of the disease caused by the environment.