Lumut Hati (Marchantiophyta) di Gunung Sibuatan Sumatera Utara

Abstract

Sumatran liverworts, especially the North Sumatra, are less well known than the liverworts in Java and other region of Malesia. A study on liverworts has been conducted at Mount Sibuatan, North Sumatra, to provide data and a list of the biodiversity and to determine the species distribution. Specimens were collected using exploratory survey by exploring along the hiking trail from an altitude of 1536 to 2454 m.a.s.l. Sampling was carried out at each sampling point as many as 60 points (range 10-20 m) on the hiking trail which was 100 m away from each point. The study documented a total of 84 liverwort species from Mount Sibuatan, included in 24 genera and 9 families. Two species were new records for Sumatra, namely Drepanolejeunea pentadactyla and Radula verrucosa. The largest family is Lejeuneaceae (12 genera and 26 species), accounting for 31% of the total species. The second largest family is Lepidoziaceae (2 genera and 19 species), followed by Plagiochilaceae (3 genera and 18 species), and Radulaceae (1 genera and 9 species). Mount Sibuatan liverworts are found on various substrates. Majority of species were epiphytes (grew on bark or branches), terrestrial (ground), on rotting logs, and epiphyll (living leaves). Liverwort species at Mount Sibuatan (28 species) are found in a wide range of elevations, from lower montane forest to upper montane forest. Fifty-four species were confined to lower montane forest and 1 species was restricted to upper montane forest.