Perbandingan Pengaruh Lingkar Pinggang, Indeks Massa Tubuh dan Tebal Lipatan Kulit terhadap Tekanan Darah pada Remaja

Abstract

Background. The prevalence of hypertension in children and adolescents increased with the increased of obesity incidence. Recent studies found that prevalence of hypertension is higher in the obese child or adolescent than the normal one. Anthropometric measurement such as body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, and skinfold thickness have been used to determine obesity criteria in children and adolescent. Increased waist circumference probably close related to the increase of blood pressure in adolescent. Objective. To compare the effect of waist circumference, BMI and skinfold thickness on the blood pressure in adolescents. Methods. A cross sectional study was conducted on Mei 2014 in three private senior high school in Medan, North Sumatera province. There were 253 children with normal urinalysis test enrolled in this study. Blood pressure, waist circumference, triceps and subscapular skinfold thickeness, body weight and body height measurement were performed to all subjects. Subjects were categorized into underweight, normoweight, overweight and obese according to waist circumference, BMI, and skinfold thickness. Data analyzed using Chi square test, Fisher's Exact test and multivariate logistic regression. Results. There was significant correlation between systolic blood pressure with waist circumfernce (p= 0.011, OR=9.377) and BMI (p=0.041, OR=4.137). Significant correlation between diastolic blood pressure with waist circumference (p=0.002, OR=3.17), BMI (p=0.0001, OR=3.69), triceps (p=0.0001 OR=4.73) and subscapular skinfold thickness (p=0.0001, OR=3.74) was also observed in this study. Multivariate analysis showed that waist circumference is predictor factor for systolic blood pressure (OR=9.667) but not for diastolic blood pressure Conclusion. Waist circumference had the most significant effect on systolic blood pressure. BMI and subscapular skinfold thickness had effect on diastolic blood pressure but subskapular skinfold thickness had more significant effect than BMI