Pengaruh Paparan Pestisida terhadap Kejadian Hipertensi pada Petani di Kecamatan Dolok Kabupaten Padang Lawas Utara Tahun 2022

Abstract

Indonesia is an agricultural country with a population working in the agricultural sector reaching 28.23% of the total workforce. The use of pesticides in eradicating pests and diseases in plants generally uses pesticides that can have an impact, both on the environment and on health. Hypertension is one type of disease caused by pesticide exposure. This study aims to analyze the effect of farmer characteristics and exposure to pesticides on the incidence of hypertension in farmers. This type of research is an analytic survey with a cross sectional research design. The population is farmers with a total sample of 96 people obtained by simple random sampling. Data were obtained through interviews using a questionnaire, sphygmomanometer, height measuring instrument, and digital scales. The results showed that there was an influence between personal hygiene (p = 0.004), and the use of personal protective equipment (PPE) (p = 0.025) on the incidence of hypertension in farmers. Meanwhile, the variables of nutritional status (p=0,290), age (p=0,315), gender (p=0,014), spraying time (p=0,005), pesticide dose (p=0,009), method of spraying (p=0,003), how to mix pesticides (p=0.034), how to store pesticides (p=0.041), and use of insecticides at home (p=0.0001) had no effect on the incidence of hypertension in farmers. It is hoped that farmers will avoid excessive and continuous exposure to chemical pesticides and pay attention to personal hygiene and the use of personal protective equipment so that farmers avoid health problems, namely hypertension. Then the puskesmas also plays an active role in providing counseling and knowledge to farmers about the dangers and impacts of using pesticides on the health of farmers.