Analisis Hubungan Karakteristik Individu, Perilaku dan Pelayanan Kesehatan Masyarakat dengan Kejadian Penyakit Kaki Gajah di Kabupaten Labuhan Batu Tahun 2007

Abstract

Penyakit kaki gajah ( elephantiasis) or filariasis is a disease caused by filarial worm infection through the bite of various kinds of mosquitoes. It is estimed that this disease has infected around 120 millions of people in 80 countries, especially in tropical countries and several subtropical countries including Indonesia. In Labuhanbatu District, Sumatera Utara, especially in its coastal area, filariasis is still one of the specific local diseases. The result of the survey by taking blood through a finger in 2004, it is known that the Mf rate was 2,04 % while the expected Mf rate is < 1%. Therefore, Labuhanbatu District has been declared as a filariasis endemic area, This case control study is aimed to analyze the relationship between characteristic of individual, behavior and habit of community and availability of health service and the incident of filariasis in Labuhanbatu District. Selected through the purposive sampling technique, the samples for this study were 186 individuals of over 14 years of age - 93 individuals for case group and 93 individuals for control group. Those belong to the case group were taken based on the filariasis patient registration book available at the Puskesmas (Community Health Center) and those belong to the control group are the individuals living close to those belong to the case group. The data obtained were analyzed through the result of multiple logistic regression test with level of confidence of 95%. The result of bivariate analysis shows that there is a significant relationships between knowledge (p= 0,012, OR= 2,12), attitude (p = 0,009, OR= 2,240), action (p= 0,000, OR= 3,167), using of mosquito net (p = 0,040, OR= 0,545), have or have not lived in the same house with the patient of filariasis (p = 0,000, OR= 3, 636) and living in the forest (p = 0,000, OR = 3,155) and the incident of filariasis in Labuhanbatu District. The result of multiple logistic regression test shows that the most dominant variable related to the incident of filariasis is the variable of have lived in he same house with the patient of filariasis. It is suggested that promotion with advocating strategy, atmosphere building and community movement be improved. Program strategic planning for filariasis elimination should be well arranged. Communication ability and education of Puskesmas health workers and health cadres be improved through the provision of trainings on filariasis elimination program. Integrated-program and Integrated-sectoral cooperation in the provision of extention and information media development in reforming attitude of community, espeseally in controlling and early detecting the incident of filariasis, should be improved.