Pengaruh Karakteristik, Lingkungan dan Perilaku dengan Kejadian Malaria di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Tanjung Tiram Kecamatan Tanjung Tiram Kabupaten Batu Bara Tahun 2014

Abstract

Malaria is one of the infectious diseases which is still health problem globally. Morbidity and mortality of malaria is fairly significant and endemic in 105 countries. Tanjung Tiram is one of subdistricts located in Batu Bara District and one of the endemic areas; malaria case began to increase from 2011 to 2013. The research used observational analytic method with cross sectional design which analyzed the influence of characteristics, environment, and behavior on the incidence of malaria in the working area of Tanjung Tiram Puskesmas. Tanjung Tiram Subdistrict, Batu Bara District, in 2014. The population case was positive malaria case, based on the medical records at Tanjung Tiram Puskesmas and population control of the inhabitants who were not affected by malaria. The samples were 54 respondents who were affected by malaria in case group, and 54 respondents who were not affected by malaria in control group. The data were gathered by conducting observation and interviews with questionnaires and analyzed by using chi square test, Exact Fisher test, and multiple logistic regression tests. The result of bivatriate analysis showed that there was significant correlation of occupation, knowledge, mosquito breeding places, habit of going out in the evening, habit of using mosquito net, and habit of using mosquito killers with the incidence of malaria. The result of multivatriate analysis showed that the variables of occupation (OR = 1.966, 95% Cl = 1.328-2.911) and habit of going out (OR = 8.034, 95% Cl= 2.998-21.531) had the most dominant influence on the incidence of malaria in the working area of Tanjung Tiram Puskesmas, Tanjung Tiram Subdistrict, particularly at Bagan Dalam Village. It is recommended that the Health Service of Batu Bara District and its Puskesmas carry out fogging regularly and increase counseling about malaria. The community should improve their behavior by wearing covered long sleeves in work and used mosquito nets and mosquito killers so that they will be prevented from mosquito bites.