Pengaruh Jenis Tanah pada Gardu Induk dengan Sistem Pentanahan Grid Akibat Gangguan Sambaran Surja Petir

Abstract

During the electricity distribution process, it is undeniable that disturbances often occur, there are 2 (two) factors that cause disturbances at the substation which include internal and external. Internal factors such as technician error (engineer), errors in installation, tool aging and tool damage. Meanwhile, external disturbances are disturbances caused by natural factors such as landslides, floods, lightning strikes, strong winds, earthquakes and others. Disturbances caused by lightning strikes will result in a sudden rise in voltage and a fall over a relatively long period of time. At the substation there are various equipment that are sensitive due to this overvoltage. Therefore, we need a security system to prevent damage due to disturbances caused by lightning strikes. This final project discusses the influence of soil type on a substation with a grid grounding system due to lightning surge disturbances. This study aims to determine the effect of various types of ground resistance on the value of resistance, inductance, capacitance, touch voltage and step voltage at a substation with a grid grounding system with rod grounding and without rod grounding caused by lightning strike disturbances. These parameters are important things that must be considered in the design of a substation. From the calculations carried out, it was found that the results of swamp soil, clay and fields, and wet sandy soil, still meet the safety limit requirements for the design of the substation. Whereas wet gravel soil, dry sand and gravel soil, and rocky soil do not meet the safety limit requirements for the design of the substation because the resulting parameter values exceed the safety limit requirements for the design of the substation.