Hubungan Antara Kejadian Gastritis Helicobacter Pylori dengan Anemia Defisiensi Besi pada Anak

Abstract

Background: Data from several countries reported a high prevalence of both H. pylori infection and anemia in children. Several studies tried to find the association between H. pylori gastritis and iron deficiency anemia (IDA) in both pediatric and adult populations, but the results remain inconclusive. Knowing that H. pylori gastritis and IDA in children have a long term complication, finding the relationship between the two may be beneficial to eradicate both. Objective: To analyze the association between the incidence of H. pylori gastritis and IDA in children Method: Observational analytic with cross-sectional design study in children aged 2 to 18 years diagnosed with H. pylori and non H. pylori gastritis based on the results of esophagoduodenoscopy (EGD) and Campylobacter-like organism (CLO) tests. Blood specimens were taken for complete blood count and iron profile. If anemia (according to WHO criteria based on age) is accompanied by iron depletion (at least 2 of MCV<80fL, SI<50μg/dL, ferritin<12 g/L), it is considered as IDA. This research was conducted at Columbia Asia Hospital, Medan during August – December 2021. Result: A total of 63 children (33 H. pylori gastritis and 30 non H. pylori gastritis) with a median age of 12 years (range 2-18 years) met the criteria as samples. Iron depletion occurred in 10 (30.3%) children with H. pylori gastritis and 11 (36.7%) children with non H. pylori gastritis. There were 26 samples (41.3%) who met the criteria for anemia (11 children with H. pylori gastritis and 15 children with non H. pylori gastritis). In total there were only 5 (7.9%) children with IDA, 1 child with H. pylori gastritis and 4 children with non H. pylori gastritis. Based on statistical calculations, there was no significant difference in IDA in patients with H. pylori gastritis and non H. pylori gastritis (p=0.183). Conclusion: H. pylori gastritis is not associated with iron deficiency anemia in children.