Peranan Infeksi Soil Transmitted Helminths (STH) terhadap Reaksi Alergi Berdasarkan Hasil Skin Prick Test (SPT) pada Anak Sekolah Dasar di Sumatera Utara

Abstract

Background : Allergy is a hypersensitivity reaction initiated by an immunological mechanism due to the induction of specific IgE against certain allergens that bind to mast cells. Allergies affect approximately 30% to 40% of the world's population with children and adolescents being the most affected. The “hygiene hypothesis” explains early childhood exposure to particular microorganisms protects against allergic diseases by contributing to the development of the immune system. Geohelminths infection will produce Th2 response which is considered protective and activating anti-inflammatory responses which have strong antiallergic effects that can affect of allergen tests Objective : To determine the role of STH infection on allergic reactions based on SPT results in children Merhods : The case-control study was conducted on 90 elementary school children who were divided into 2 groups. The case group with 45 children who with recurrent STH infection and the control group with 45 children who with no STH infection in Mandailing Natal district and Medan in January 2019 - March 2021. Sampling was done with quota sampling technique. Kato katz examination and skin prick test were performed. Statistical assessment was carried out by Chi square test Result : In case group, 12 children produced positive SPT result and in control group, 40 children produced positive SPT result. There is a significant role of STH infection on allergic reactions based on SPT results (p<0.001 and OR 22) Conclusion : Repeated STH infections may be a protective factor against allergic reactions