Sintesis dan Karakterisasi Zeolit Alam Pahae –Arang Aktif Kulit Durian sebagai Adsorber Pereduksi Fosfat pada Limbah Laundry

Abstract

Research on the synthesis and characterization of pahae natural zeolite – activated charcoal of durian peel as a phosphate reducing adsorber in laundry waste has been carried out. The aim of the research is to produce adsorbents as phosphate reducers that can be applied to laundry wastewater. The zeolite was sieved through a 200 mesh (75μm) sieve. then chemically activated using 1M NaCl solution. Variations in the composition of the Pahae Natural Zeolite-based adsorber: Durian Peel Activated Charcoal are 0%:100%, 100%:0%, 95%:5%, 90%:10%, 85%:15%, 80%:20%, 75 %:25%. The adsorber was printed using a hydraulic press with 6 tons of pressure for10 minutes, then activated by physics with three temperature variations, namely 700ºC, 800ºC and 900ºC for 4 hours. The adsorber was characterized to determine its physical properties (porosity, water absorption), mechanical properties (hardness), surface morphology (SEM), crystal structure testing (XRD) and elemental and compound content (XRF). The results of the physical properties test obtained variations in composition and optimum temperature were 75%:25% and a temperature of 700°C with a porosity value of 59,67% and a water absorption capacity of 56,06%. The mechanical test (hardness) was obtained at the optimum composition and temperature of 100%:0% and 900°C of 784,143 MPa. The results of testing the application of the adsorber in laundry wastewater showed that the natural zeolite zeolite adsorbents - activated charcoal from durian peels were able to reduce phosphate by 80,86%.