Analisis Perubahan Garis Pantai pada Kawasan Pesisir Kabupaten Langkat

Abstract

The Coastal area of Langkat Regency includes six Subdistricts, namely Babalan Subdistricts, Berandan Barat Subdistricts, Gebang Subdistricts, Pangkalan Susu Subdistricts, Secanggang Subdistricts, and Tanjung Pura Subdistricts. The coastal area is easily changed because it is the meeting place of land and sea, where the meeting line is called the coastline. This study aims to analyze changes in the coastline and changes in vegetation density in the coastal areas. The method used in this research is overlaying the coastline from Landsat 8 OLI satellite image data in 2014 and Sentinel 2 satellite images in 2018 and 2022, with vegetation density classification using five density classes, namely, unvegetated land, very low greenness, low greenness, medium greenness, and high greenness. This study shows changes in the coastline between 2014 and 2018, with abrasion occurring by 312.34 m2 and accretion occurring by 312.12 m2. In 2018 to 2022, abrasion occurred by 139.65 m2, and accretion occurred by 304.65 m2. In 2014 to 2022, abrasion occurred by 359.86 m2, and accretion occurred by 572.40 m2. Changes in vegetation density in 2014 amounted to 97,735.37 ha, in 2018, they amounted to 97,724.59 ha, and in 2022, they amounted to 97,799.80 ha. The coastal area of Langkat Regency is dominated by accretion events in coastal areas that can benefit the community around the coast. This is because the accretion can be used as a location for planting/rehabilitation of mangroves. However, there is a risk of conversion of mangrove forest land into a plantation area, so there is a need for good and sustainable governance.