Uji Efektivitas Ekstrak Kulit Durian (Durio zibethinus Murr.) terhadap Histomorfometri Hati Tikus (Rattus norvegicus) yang Diinduksi 7,12-Dimetilbenz (α) Antrasen (DMBA)

Abstract

The research on the effectiveness of the durian peel extract (Durio zibethinus Murr.) on the liver histomorphometry of rats (Rattus norvegicus) induced by 7,12-Dimethylbenz (α) Antrasen (DMBA) was conducted from September 2022 to March 2023 at the Experimental Animal House laboratory, the laboratory of Animal Physiology, and the Laboratory of Organic Chemistry Natural Materials USU Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences. The research also conducted at the Pathology Anatomy Laboratory of Adam Malik General Hospital Medan. Durian fruit peel extract contains bioactive compounds consisting of terpenoids, flavonoids, phenols and alkaloids. These bioactive compounds can function as chemopreventive agents to prevent cancer development, inhibit and neutralize carcinogens. Its also enhance the body's immune system, repair damaged cells of the carcinogen-contaminated organ tissues. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of durian peel extract on liver histomorphometry in rats injected with DMBA carcinogen. This study used a completely randomized design (CRD)method by using 6 treatment groups, each consisting of 4 replications. The treatment consisted of negative control (normal rats); positive control (DMBA injection); DMBA + methotrexate 9 mg/kg; DMBA + durian skin 150 mg/kg; DMBA + durian skin 300 mg/kg; and the last was DMBA + durian skin 450 mg/kg. kgBB). After DMBA induction, cancerous lesions formed on the skin surface and liver abnormalities in the rats. Liver histology was made by the paraffin method of Haematoxylin-Eosin (HE) staining. The results showed that treatment with durian peel extract at a dose of 450 mg/kg could improve liver morphology and reduced the level of damage of the hepatocyte cells such as parenchymatous degeneration, hydropic and necrosis that occur due to 7.2-Dimethylbenz (α) Antrasen (DMBA) cancer.