Analisis Permintaan dan Penawaran Tomat (Solanum Lycopersicum . L) di Provinsi Sumatera Utara

Abstract

Tomato is one of the important horticultural commodities in North Sumatra. The supply and production of tomatoes has increased every year because North Sumatra is one of the largest tomato producers in Indonesia. However, the demand for tomatoes in North Sumatra has not increased significantly. This causes the price of tomatoes to fluctuate and even tends to decrease. The purpose of this research is to observe developments and analyze the factors that affect the supply and demand for tomatoes in North Sumatra. The data used in this study is secondary data in the form of a time series starting from 1990 to 2021 (in years). The analytical method used is the Two Stage Least Square (2SLS) simultaneous equation model with the eviews application. The results of the analysis show that the amount of labor, fertilizer prices and land area together have a significant effect on the quantity of tomato production in North Sumatra Province. Production quantity has a positive effect while the rupiah exchange rate variable has a negative effect on the quantity of tomato exports in North Sumatra. Total population, price of tomatoes, prices of complementary goods and per capita income together have a significant effect on the quantity of demand for tomatoes in North Sumatra Province. The variable quantity of tomato demand has a positive effect and the variable quantity supplied has a negative but not significant effect on the formation of tomato prices in North Sumatra Province.