Asap Cair Cangkang Kelapa Sawit sebagai Pengawet dan Jaringan Semi Interpenetrasi Polimer pada Kayu Kelapa Sawit

Abstract

This research aim to improve the properties of palm oil wood by used liquid smoke from palm shell pyrolysis and formed semi-interpenetrating polymer network by used toluene diisosianat as active monomer with in situ polymerization. Liquid smoke from palm shell pyrolysis was made from temperature 200°C - 450°C. The presentage of phenol derivated compound was 3-5%, acidity was < 1% and GC- MS analysis showed that liquid smoke contained phenol, derivated compound, and organic acids. Liquid smoke from palm shell pyrolysis could preserve palm oil wood especially from ganoderma sp dan Poliporous alcularius. Absorption of liquid smoke to palm oil wood showed that the capacity of absorption has improved with the high of palm oil linierly. From the penetration test was known that liquid smoke from palm shell could penetrate into palm oil wood to 20 cm (ASTM D 1324-60), it meaned the liquid smoke could enter to all palm oil wood. FT-IR analysis showed that palm oil wood without impregnation was distinguish with palm oil wood after impregnation, it could be seen from wave length at 2218,35 cm, this peak could be seen in palm oil wood without impregnation. The determine of MoR and MoE after impregnation with liquid smoke from palm shell into palm oil wood were showed that the mechanical properties was not improve yet. It has determained too with SEM test and showed the large of palm oil wood's porouses, that means palm oil wood could not be used.

The research of semi-interpenetration polymer network by in situ polymerization has improve mechanical properties by impregnation methode, and the highest mechanical properties has get by using liquid smoke at temperature 400°C. This mechanical properties improvement has change group of palm from class V to class III. The additional of PEG 1000 into liquid smoke from palm oil shell was good for improving high mechanical properties. Data from morphology verivy that the palm oil wood's porouses has closed perfectly and showed both matrix more homogeneous. FT-IR analysis verivy that semi-interpenetration network formed from in situ polymerization contained isosianurat chain from polyurethane with wave length at 1727,13 cm.