Analisis Kariotipe Kromosom Ikan Guppy (Poecilia reticulata Peters, 1859) Dengan Pewarnaan Giemsa

Abstract

Guppy fish (Poecilia reticulata) is one type of freshwater ornamental fish belong to the family Poeciliidae. Guppies are ornamental fish with in great demand of the interesting color variations such as red, blue, yellow and other colors and varies the shape of the tail such as a fan-like, rounded, or widened tails. Karyotype is the arrangement of chromosomes based of the number, length, and shape of chromosomes. This study had been conducted to determine the karyotype of Guppy fish (Poecilia reticulata). The methods used was description methods with the first step was collected samples from the fish vendors around Medan city and acclimated for 7 day. The fish were assayed in 0.007% colchicine for 12 hours. Then samples were prepared by Solid tissue preparation, stained by Giemsa staining, Analysis data was chromosome distribution, including karyotype parameters of asymmetry indexes, and analysis of the karyotype arrangement of guppy fish chromosomes (Poecilia reticulata) using IdeoKar 1.3 and Adobe Photo Shop Cs 3 software. The results showed the number of chromosomes of diploid guppies (2n) as many as 21 pairs with variant type such as metacentric, submetacentric and telometric chromosomal shapes. The chromosome karyotype of guppies (Poecillia reticulata) by IdeoKar software gave the longest total arms based on CL values at 6.76 μ and the shortest with a value of 2.32 μ. The chromosome that had the highest AR value (ratio of long and short arms) were ∞ and the lowest AR value with a value of 1.03. The highest r-value (ratio of short and long arms) was obtained with a value of 0.97 and the lowest with a value of 2,65 µ. The highest RL% (relative length percentage) value was 8.31% and the lowest was a value of 2.85%. In CI (centromere index) and F% (percentage form) the lowest value was obtained with a value of 0, the highest CI and F% values with values of 0.49 and 2.99%. In the asymmetry index parameter, total haploid complement chromosome length results was 81.32 μ, with a total form presentation of 40.27 μ, a karyotype asymmetry index of 59.74 μ, and an average centromere index value of 0.39 μ