Deteksi Begomovirus pada Tomat (Solanum lycopersicum L.) di Kabupaten Langkat dengan Teknik PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction)

Abstract

Disease in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) caused by Begomovirus and its the morphological symptoms sometimes difficult to distinguish from symptoms caused by other viruses. Therefore PCR method is the more accurate way to detect the type of virus.. This study aimed to detect Begomovirus that attacks tomato plants in Langkat Regency, North Sumatra with Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) technique. Tomato leaf samples were taken from plants that showed symptoms of virus disease from 4 districts in Langkat Regency, Sei Bingai, Kuala, Secanggang, and Pangkalan Susu. Genomic DNA was extracted from tomato leaf samples that showed symptoms of yellow thickened bone leaves, leaf malformation, reduced leaf size, yellowish green leaf mosaic and vein clearing. The DNA obtained was amplified with a pair of primers specific for Begomovirus, PAL1v1978-F and PAR1c715-R. From the observation of disease symptoms observed at 16 locations, 75 % of leaf samples showed symptoms of the vein clearing, and the mosaic, respectively. The remaining 50 - 37.5% showed symptoms of the leaf malformation, the yellow leaves and reduced the leaf size. The results of viral DNA amplification from all locations with all symptoms showed that all samples were positive for Begomovirus with a DNA band at 1500 bp. Based on the amplification results, it can be concluded that the symptoms collected indicate that the plants are infected with Begomovirus.