Kepadatan, Pola Distribusi dan Pola Pertumbuhan Kerang Hijau (Perna Viridis) di Perairan Pantai Putra Deli Kabupaten Deli Serdang, Sumatera Utara

Abstract

Green mussel (Perna viridis) is a mollusk that lives in coastal waters, especially in the intertidal area. Many green mussels are found in the coastal at Putra Deli, Deli Serdang Regency. Many fishermen and the community use green mussels as a source of livelihood because they have high economic value and good nutritional content. It was concerned that the high activity of the fishing community on Putra Deli Beach and the continuous harvesting will cause a decrease in the population and resources of green mussels in the beach of Putra Deli. This study aims to determine the density, distribution patterns, and growth of green mussels using pearson correlation analysis. This study used "Purposive Sampling" method, which was a sampling technique was conduct by determining three station points based on human activities around the stations. Station 1 was an estuary area where there is no human activities, station 2 is a natural area of mangrove forest and station 3 is an area for tourisms. Density analysis was conducted based on number of individual green mussels per square meter, whereas distribution analysis using the morphic index formula, analysis of growth patterns were determined by calculating length and total weight of individual mussels and the relationship between physico-chemical factors in the waters and green mussel density were analyzed using SPSS version 25 correlation. Results showed, the high density at station 1 was 0.94 ind/m² and the lowest was at station 3 which was 0.33 ind/m². The growth pattern of green mussels from each station was negative allometric or b < 3, which means that the increase in length is more dominant than that the increase in body weight. The green mussel distribution pattern from each station was clustered. The correlation analysis showed that the pH, water salinity and organic content of the substrate, light intensity, temperature and dissolved oxygen (DO) had very strong effect on the density of green mussels.