Pengaruh Penambahan Plasticizer Gliserol terhadap Karakterisasi Plastik Biodegradable Pati Porang (Amorphophallus Oncophyllus) dengan Plasticizer Sorbitol

Abstract

This research examined the effect of a combination of sorbitol and glycerol plasticizers on porang starch biodegradable plastics with chitosan at concentrations of 40, 60 and 80 wt% using the melt intercalation method with a gelatinization temperature of 80°C and drying temperature of 70°C. The addition of glycerol variation with 25% interval starting from 0% to 100%. The increased concentration of plasticizer contributed in increasing the thickness, density, elongation and degradation. However, the increased of plasticizer reduced the tensile strength and water absorption ability. The thickness value of biodegradable plastic was 0.176 mm - 0.216 mm before the addition of glycerol plasticizer, after the addition of plasticizer the thickness value of biodegradable plastic increased to 0.192 mm - 0.262 mm. The biodegradable plastic with 60% sorbitol plasticizer without glycerol addition showed a biodegradable plastic that has a good tensile strength value with 1.9191 MPa. Conversely, the addition of 100% glycerol concentration to the biodegradable plastic showed an increase in elongation of 150.7082% at 40% sorbitol, 77.7764% at 60% sorbitol and 171.0562 at 80% sorbitol. The microstructure characterization results showed the presence of starch agglomeration due to less homogeneous mixing and O-H, C-H and N-H groups were obtained as constituent components. This study has shown that the amount and type of plasticizer have an impact on the physical, mechanical, morphological and degradation properties of porang starch biodegradable plastic.