Uji Efektivitas Ekstrak Kulit Durian (Durio zibethinus Murr.) terhadap Ketebalan Epitel dan Fibroblas Kulit Tikus (Rattus norvegicus) Model Kanker Kulit

Abstract

Durian peel methanol extract contains secondary metabolite compounds such as flavonoids and alkaloids. Cytoxicity in flavonoid-controlled cancer cells has the ability to regulate macrophages in the elimination of cancer cells and plays a role in inhibiting cell proliferation. Alkaloid compounds in durian peel methanol extract suppress carcinogenesis that can be used as chemopreventive drugs. Alkaloid compounds work by stopping the cell cycle and phase, induction of instrinsic and extrinsic apoptosis, non-apoptotic cell death, regulation of immune function, inhibition of glycolysis, and metastasis. This research was conducted in September 2022 until completion at the Animal Physiology Laboratory and Experimental Animal House Laboratory, Natural Materials Chemistry Laboratory, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of North Sumatra and Anatomical Pathology Laboratory of H. Adam Malik Hospital Medan. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of durian peel extract on the area, epithelial thickness and number of fibroblasts of skin cancer model rats. This study uses a completely randomized design (CRD) method with 6 treatments and each treatment has 4 replicates. The treatment groups consisted of K-, K+, P1, P2, P3 and P4. Each group was given high-fat feed and distilled water routinely. The negative control group (K-) was treated with corn oil solvent induction. The positive control group (K+), P1, P2, P3 and P4 were induced with DMBA at a dose of 10 mg/kg BW (dissolved in corn oil). Skin histology preparations were made by paraffin method with Hematoxylin-Eosin (HE) staining. The results showed that durian skin extract (Durio zibethinus Murr.) at a dose of 450mg / kg BW can increase the epithelium of skin lesions, can increase the number of fibroblasts and can reduce the area of cancer lesions on the skin.