Analisis Distribusi Tegangan dan Ketahanan Fraktur Gigi Tiruan Jembatan Posterior Zirkonia dan Polyetheretherketone Berdasarkan Dimensi Konektor yang Berbeda Menggunakan Finite Element Analysis

Abstract

loss that wasn’t replace with dentures will cause functional and aesthetic problems from the patient. Generally, patients who have lost one or more teeth will be rehabilitated by fixed partial dentures (FPD). Metal-free FPD materials have recently show interest. The most popular used all ceramic material is zirconia. However, the strength of zirconia remains a problem for long-term restoration, as this material is rigid yet brittle when placed under pressure and fractures is one of the disadvantages of zirconia. The last decade showed interest in Polyetheretherketone (PEEK) materials as an alternative to the fabricate FPD. PEEK as a FPD material provides a shock absorbent effect while mastication process and has a high resistance to abrasion and caries. The design of the FPD is crucial to reducing the load on the abutment teeth and surrounding bone tissue, connector area is the area that most affects the occurrence of failures. The fracture resistance of the posterior FPD zirconia is affected by the connector dimension. The success of each FPD is influenced by biomechanical factors, therefore, it is important to evaluate the stress in the structure and that is transferred to the surrounding tissues. Several techniques have been used to examine the effect of dental restoration materials on stress distribution in dentures such as finite element analysis (FEA). FEA allows assessment and research on the area receiving the pressure, applying a specific load in the area that allows fractures to occur based on the geometry and mechanical properties of the material. The purpose of this study was to analyze the stress distribution and fracture resistance of the zirconia posterior FPD and PEEK based on different connector dimensions. Six 3D models of FPD framework that restore the second premolar, the first molar and the second molar constructed on the computer. In FPD framework zirconia and PEEK are constructed with different connector dimensions, namely 9 mm2, 12.25 mm2 and 16 mm2. The six models were then imported into the ANSYS program, then applied an axial 600 N load on the pontic fossa. Then an analysis of fracture resistance and stress distribution of each material and their differences between these materials is carried out in FEA. The results showed that there were differences in fracture resistance and stress distribution between zirconia posterior FPD framework models and PEEK in each connector dimension (9mm2; 12.25 mm2 and 16 mm2). The maximum value of equivalent (Von Mises) stress of the FPD posterior zirconia framework model (260.52 MPa; 209.53 MPa and 149 MPa) showed higher values compared to PEEK (247.14 MPa; 240.41 MPa and 144.49 MPa). The maximum value of equivalent (Von Mises) stress and total deformation shows a noticeable difference in value between the two materials, the posterior FPD framework model PEEK shows a value fifty times greater than that of zirconia material. The modulus of material elasticity, the amount of load force and the size of the connector dimensions have an influence on the simulation results obtained. The conclusion in this study is the increase in connector dimensions on the zirconia and PEEK posterior FPD can distribute the stress more evenly as to reduce the occurrence of stress concentrations which result in fractures. Zirconia and PEEK Posterior FPD with connector dimensions of 9 mm2 have been able to remain posterior mastication loads and prevent fractures.