Gangguan Psikologis Depresi Tokoh Utama Amanda dalam Novel A untuk Amanda Karya Annisa Ihsani: Pendekatan Psikologi Sastra

Abstract

Novel A For Amanda by Annisa Ihsani is full of psychological problems shown by the author through the main character Amanda. The problems that are often experienced by the main character Amanda can be categorized as a psychological disorder in the form of depression. The problem of psychological disorder in the form of depression is what will be analyzed in the novel A for Amanda by Annisa Ihsani. The pattern of psychological disorders in the form of depression experienced by the main character Amanda is relevant to Aaron T. Beck's depressive cognition theory. The research method uses qualitative methods. The purpose of this research is to describe the patterns of depressive psychological disorders and the causes of depressive psychological disorders as the main character Amanda in Novel A For Amanda by Annisa Ihsani. This study uses Aaron T. Beck's Depression Cognition Theory. The research results found in the main character Amanda there are 3 patterns of cognitive distortions of depression, namely: 1. Negative views about oneself, namely seeing oneself as worthless, full of shortcomings, and lacking the skills needed to achieve happiness, 2. Negative views about environment, namely viewing the environment as forcing excessive demands and putting great pressure on himself also feeling the environment around him does not want him, and 3. Negative views about the future, namely viewing the future without hope and believing that oneself has no power to change hard things get better. The factors causing the psychological disorder of depression in the main character Amanda in Novel A For Amanda by Annisa Ihsani are psychological factors in the form of personality, mindset, low self-esteem, and stress.