Perubahan Solidaritas Sosial dalam Marsiadapari di Kalangan Petani Padi Sawah Desa Nagori Bayu Bagasan Kecamatan Tanah Jawa Kabupaten Simalungun Sumatera Utara

Abstract

Social solidarity is a manifestation of the noble values that exist in Indonesian society which are full of cultural and religious values which form the basis for people to act and behave. Emile Durkheim said that solidarity refers to a state of relationship between individuals and/or groups based on moral feelings and beliefs that are held together and strengthened by shared emotional experiences. The Toba Batak have a tradition which is part of a local wisdom known as marsiadapari. This study aims to see changes in social solidarity in marsiadapari among rice farmers. The method used in this research is a descriptive method with a qualitative approach. Data collection techniques using in-depth interviews, observation, and documentation. The technique for determining informants was purposive sampling technique. The theoretical basis used in this study is the Social Solidarity Theory put forward by Emile Durkheim. The results of this study indicate that the change in solidarity that occurs in marsiadapari is that first, marsiadapari was carried out during the planting season until the harvest season, but now marsiadapari is only carried out during the planting season. Secondly, in the past marsiadapari was carried out by exchanging labor but with the development of plant species, from one type of plant (monoculture) to several types of plants (polyculture) so that now marsiadapari is a wage. Third, in the past, the farming community carried out all the stages of the marsiadapari ritual, starting from the mapultak month ritual to patu mona, but now the stages of the marsiadapari ritual are no longer fully carried out by the ritual farmers who are now asking mapultak month