Sistem Informasi Geografis (SIG) Untuk Analisa Kerawanan Longsor Berdasarkan Faktor Manusia (Studi Kasus : Kabupaten Nias Utara)

Abstract

Landslides are the displacement of slope-forming materials such as rocks, soil, or a combination of these, which often occur in hilly or highland areas and can cause significant losses and casualties. To minimize these losses and casualties, the mapping of landslide-prone areas is necessary. The utilization of Geographic Information System (GIS) technology is an alternative that can be used for mapping areas that are potentially susceptible to landslides. Mapping of potential landslide areas was carried out in North Nias Regency using a predictive model or reference from the Minister of Public Works Regulation Number 22 of 2007. The regulation states that human activities are one of the contributing factors to landslides. There are 7 human activity factors that can contribute to landslides, namely planting patterns, slope excavation and cutting, pond construction, slope drainage, construction activities, population density, and mitigation efforts. All of these indicators are assigned scores using the Q-GIS application, which produces a total score to determine the landslide vulnerability level. Based on the analysis results, the landslide vulnerability level in North Nias Regency is divided into 3 classes: low vulnerability covering an area of 164.57 km², including the Lotu and Tuhemberua Districts. Moderate vulnerability covering an area of 1076.016 km², including the Afulu, Alasa, Alasa Talumozai, Lahewa, Lahewa Timur, Namohalu Esiwa, Tugala Oyo, Sawo, and Sitolu Ori Districts. High vulnerability covering an area of 1,554 km², including only a small part of the Sawo and Lahewa Districts.