Analisis Dinamika Atmosfer Saat Fenomena Tailwind dan Crosswind di Landas Pacu Bandar Udara Kualanamu

Abstract

There are three wind components in aviation, i.e., headwind, tailwind and crosswind. The tailwind and crosswind can negatively impact the aircraft. Based on the Indonesia Air Navigation report, several events of tailwind and crosswind were reported to have impacts in landing failures in the period of July and August 2022 in Kualanamu International Airport. The purpose of this study is to determine the potential occurrence of headwind, tailwind, and crosswind the runway airport as well as to analysis the dynamic conditions of atmosphere in the runway. The research methodologies composed of two steps, in which firstly is to calculate the potential events of headwind, tailwind, and crosswind by decomposing wind direction and speed data into U and V components. Meanwhile, an analysis of atmospheric dynamics was conducted. This analysis involved several weather parameters, namely upper-level relative humidity, air stability, and weather satellite data. Our findings found that the highest potential for headwind, tailwind, and crosswind occurred in March, and the analysis of atmospheric dynamics revealed that during tailwind and crosswind occurrences, the upper-level air-mass exhibited sufficient moisture and unstable air, leading to convective processes and the formation of Cumulonimbus clouds that resulted in tailwind and crosswind on the Kualanamu airport runway..