Pengaruh Ekstrak Etanol Daun Puguntano (Curanga felterrae (Lour) Merr.) terhadap Ekspresi Tgf-B1, E-Selectin, Glomerulosklerosis, Fibrosis Interstisial, dan Fungsi Ginjal pada Tikus Galur Wistar yang Diberi Doxorubicin

Abstract

Background: The use of Doxorubicin (DXR) in the treatment of cancer is increasing, with increasing cancer morbidity. The nephrotoxic effect of DXR is still a problem. Puguntano leaf ethanol extract as an anti-inflammatory can be nephroprotective. So the combination of DXR and ethanol extract of Puguntano leaves will reduce the nephrotoxic effect of DXR. Objective: This study aims to explain the differences in the expression of TGF- β1, E-selectin, glomerulosclerosis, interstitial fibrosis, urea, creatinine, and proteinuria under normal, nephrotoxic and nephroprotective conditions. Methods: The design of this study was an experimental study, with a Posttest with Control Group. This research was conducted at the USU Medical Faculty Research Unit Laboratory, USU Medical Faculty Research Unit Laboratory of Anatomical Pathology, USU Medical Faculty Research Unit Integrated Laboratory and USU Hospital Laboratory. Thirty male wistar mice were divided into three groups, namely the control group without treatment (K1), the treatment group (K2) injected with DXR, and the therapeutic group (K3) injected with DXR intraperitoneally (ip) and ethanol extract of Puguntano leaves orally galvage, each group 10 tails. The injection was done once a week for three consecutive weeks and the ethanol extract of Puguntano leaves orally galvage with a dose of 200 mg/kg body weight per day for three weeks. In the 4th post-treatment week, each group was executed by administering inj. Ketamine 75 mg/kg body weight intraperitoneally. Examination of TGF-β1 and E-selectin expression by immunohistochemical technique using monoclonal antibody. Histopathological examination of glomerulosclerosis and interstitial fibrosis, using Masson's Trichome. Routine blood tests, urea and creatinine using immunoturbidimetry technique urine dipstick. Data analysis using ANOVA test. Results: The results showed that DXR increased (p value = 0.001) TGF-β1 expression (253.5%±65.1), E-selectin (218.0±70.4), glomerulosclerosis, interstitial fibrosis, proteinuria, urea and creatinine. On the other hand, the administration of Puguntano leaf ethanol extract combined with DXR caused a decrease (p value = 0.001) TGF-β1 expression (180.0 ± 51.0), E-selectin (172.5 ± 57.98), glomerulosclerosis, interstitial fibrosis, proteinuria, urea, and creatinine. Conclusion: The combination of DXR and ethanol extract of Puguntano leaves can be used to reduce the nephrotoxic effect of DXR.