Struktur Kepribadian Tokoh Utama Akari dalam Novel Polaris Musim Dingin Karya Alicia Lidwina: Kajian Psikologi Sastra

Abstract

A novel is a literary work in the form of prose that contains imaginative stories with a sufficiently long plot, and within it, there are characters as actors and developers of events that can shape the course of the story into a cohesive whole. Each character found within the novel has a personality as a distinguishing characteristic of humans that can depict human behavior and communication in daily life. Personality is a very important factor because it can support the progression of the story into a unified whole so that a novel can convey the message or message desired by the author. In the novel Polaris Musim Dingin, there is a main character who possesses a personality structure, thus forming a complete story with each existing characteristic. This research aims to identify the personality structure held by the main character along with all the backgrounds they possess. In this research, the method used is a qualitative method that employs the study of literary psychology with Sigmund Freud's theory of personality structure. The results identified in this research are the id personality structure in the form of eros or the life instinct and thanatos or the death instinct, the ego which consists of (1) projection, (2) rationalization, and (3) reaction formation, and the superego which generates moral values including (1) respecting life and freedom, (2) being responsible towards others, (3) honesty, (4) justice, (5) tolerance, (6) politeness, (7) self-discipline, (8) integrity, (9) compassion, (10) generosity, and (11) courage. These aspects can be found in the main character of the novel Polaris Musim Dingin with various background factors that can be observed in the main character's life story.