Nilai-Nilai Sosial dalam Hikayat Kalilah dan Dimnah Karya IBN Al-Muqaffa’

Abstract

This research aims to explain how intrinsic elements and social values are contained in the Hikayat Kalilah and Dimnah. This research uses a data collection technique that is a library study (library research) which is connected to the advanced method of reading space utilization techniques by listening and recording. The data in this study are words and sentences contained in the Hikayat Kalilah and Dimnah. The data source used in this research is the text of Hikayat Kalilah and Dimnah. This research uses structural theory which includes intrinsic elements, including; theme, plot, setting, character and characterization, and mandate, and literary sociology with a descriptive qualitative approach. The data analysis technique uses the basic technique for elements. Based on the data analysis that has been carried out, it can be stated that there are seven social values in the Hikayat Kalilah and Dimnah, including; (1.) Religious Value, indicated by indicators of religious elements that contain the memorization of Allah in several sentences in the story text, (2.) Moral Value, indicated by two indicators in the form of good morals and bad morals, (3.) Compliance Value, addressed by indicators in the form of never violating restrictions as a palace guard, (4.) Responsibility Value, indicated by indicators in the form of never violating restrictions as a palace guard. ) The Value of Responsibility, shown by the indicator of Sya'har and Syatrabil gaining trust in the side of a king, (5.) The Value of Empathy, shown by the indicator in the attitude of empathy shown by Kalilah for the misfortune that befell Syatrabil, (6.) The Value of Care, shown by the indicator of Kalilah giving more attention to Dimnah, (7.) The Value of Persistence, shown by the indicator of the character Syatrabil who tried to escape from the trap of the mine that threatened his life. The intrinsic elements contained in the Hikayat Kalilah and Dimnah consist of Theme: fighting for power. Plot: forward. Setting: place setting, time setting, and atmosphere setting. Character and Characterization: Dimnah: cunning. Kalilah: kind. Sha'har: trustworthy. Lion King: firm. Lion Mother: motherly. Syatrabil: intelligent. Namir: kind and. Jawash: fair. King Babi: manipulative. Mandate: Never have bad intentions towards others.