Pra Rancangan Pabrik Pembuatan Nitroselulosa dari Selulosa Pelepah Kelapa Sawit melalui Proses Nitration Mixed Acid dengan Kapasitas Produksi 4.300 Ton/Tahun dan Tugas Khusus Rancangan Keteknikan Reaktor Nitrasi

Abstract

Oil palm fronds are solid waste produced by oil palm plants when harvesting oil palm fruit. Palm fronds have a fairly high cellulose content, so they have the potential to be used as economically valuable products such as nitrocellulose. Nitrocellulose is the main ingredient for making rocket fuel, namely propellant and also as a raw material for making plastic or varnish. The product is made using a nitration reaction by mixing sulfuric acid and nitric acid with the help of water with or without stirring. The pre-design of the Nitrocellulose plant from palm fronds cellulose is planned to produce with a production capacity of 4,300 tons/year and operate for 330 days a year. The factory location is planned in Serba Jadi District, Serdang Bedagai Regency, North Sumatra Province. The land area required for the establishment of the factory is 37,260 m2. The required workforce is 150 people with the form of a Limited Liability Company (PT) business entity with a line and staff organizational system. The results of the economic analysis of the Nitrocellulose Factory from Palm Kernel Cellulose are as follows:  Capital Investment (CI) = Rp724.727.865.379,17  Total Cost (TC) = Rp Rp507.819.979.118,07  Result Sales = Rp691.448.481.649,73  Profit Net = Rp125.804.152.736,72  Profit Margin = 26,03%  Break Even Point = 39,52%  Return on Investment = 17,36%  Pay Out Time = 5,76 Tahun  Return on Network = 28,94%  Internal Rate of Return = 35,82% Based on the results of the analysis of the economic aspect, it can be concluded that the "Nitocellulose Plant from Cellulose from Palm Oil Fronds" is feasible to establish.