Pra Rancangan Pabrik Pembuatan Xylitol dari Tandan Kosong Kelapa Sawit Proses Hidrogenasi dengan Kapasitas 20.000 Ton/ Tahun dan Tugas Khusus: Rancangan Keteknikan Detail Reaktor

Abstract

Xylitol is an odorless white crystalline powder with a sweet taste. Xylitol occurs naturally in fruits and vegetables including strawberries, plums, lettuce, carrots, corn cobs, and mushrooms. Xylitol is also naturally produced in the human body during carbohydrate metabolism as much as 5 - 15 g daily Xylitol is a sugar substance with the same sweetness as sucrose but has 40% less calories than sucrose. The pre-design of this plant uses empty palm bunches as the main raw material where empty palm bunches contain 25.9% pentosan which can be utilized into xylitol. The process used is acid hydrolysis and hydrogenation. The first process is the pre-treatment process of TKKS raw materials where the raw materials are crushed until smooth. Then the hydrolysis process with the addition of HCl so that xylose is formed. Xylose, hydrochloric acid, water are separated with a fresh filter from the xylose mixture and separated with a flash drum. Then the hydrogenation process where the catalyst used is Ni and hydrogen gas is also added in the hydrogenation reactor to form xylitol. Then the purification process uses a knock out drum to separate hydrogen gas and xylitol. Next, enter the concentrated evaporator. After that the resulting xylitol is flowed into the condenser cooling process of the xylitol solution which will continue the crystallization process. The crystals that have been formed and proceed to the product storage warehouse. Pre-designed xylitol plant with raw materials of empty palm bunches is planned to produce with a production capacity of 20,000 tons / year and operate for 330 days a year. The location of the plant is planned in Riau, precisely in Pelalawan District, Riau Province, Indonesia. The land area required for the establishment of the plant is 24,024 m2. The results of the economic aspect analysis obtained are as follows: • Total Investment Capital = Rp. 198,408,613,422.00 • Total Production Cost = Rp. 511,150,987,137.00 • Sales Revenue = Rp. 872,634,871,093.00 • Net Profit = Rp. 248,032,944,393.00 • Profit Margin = 36,92%  Break Even Point = 44,56%  Return on Investment = 40,29%  Pay Out Time = 3 years  Return on Network = 67,16%  Internal Rate of Return = 29,15% Based on the results of the analysis of economic aspects, it can be concluded that the "Xylitol Manufacturing Plant from Empty Palm Bunches with a Capacity of 20,000 Tons / Year" is feasible to establish.